Obama's Inaugural Speech

(CNN).- Barack Obama was sworn in as the 44th president of the United States and the nation's first African-American president. This is a transcript of his speech.

My fellow citizens:

I stand here today humbled by the task before us, grateful for the trust you have bestowed, mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors. I thank President Bush for his service to our nation, as well as the generosity and cooperation he has shown throughout this transition.

Forty-four Americans have now taken the presidential oath. The words have been spoken during rising tides of prosperity and the still waters of peace. Yet, every so often, the oath is taken amidst gathering clouds and raging storms. At these moments, America has carried on not simply because of the skill or vision of those in high office, but because We the People have remained faithful to the ideals of our forebearers, and true to our founding documents.

So it has been. So it must be with this generation of Americans.

That we are in the midst of crisis is now well understood. Our nation is at war, against a far-reaching network of violence and hatred. Our economy is badly weakened, a consequence of greed and irresponsibility on the part of some, but also our collective failure to make hard choices and prepare the nation for a new age. Homes have been lost; jobs shed; businesses shuttered. Our health care is too costly; our schools fail too many; and each day brings further evidence that the ways we use energy strengthen our adversaries and threaten our planet.

These are the indicators of crisis, subject to data and statistics. Less measurable but no less profound is a sapping of confidence across our land -- a nagging fear that America's decline is inevitable, and that the next generation must lower its sights.

Today I say to you that the challenges we face are real. They are serious and they are many. They will not be met easily or in a short span of time. But know this, America: They will be met.

On this day, we gather because we have chosen hope over fear, unity of purpose over conflict and discord.

On this day, we come to proclaim an end to the petty grievances and false promises, the recriminations and worn-out dogmas, that for far too long have strangled our politics.

We remain a young nation, but in the words of Scripture, the time has come to set aside childish things. The time has come to reaffirm our enduring spirit; to choose our better history; to carry forward that precious gift, that noble idea, passed on from generation to generation: the God-given promise that all are equal, all are free, and all deserve a chance to pursue their full measure of happiness.

In reaffirming the greatness of our nation, we understand that greatness is never a given. It must be earned. Our journey has never been one of shortcuts or settling for less. It has not been the path for the fainthearted -- for those who prefer leisure over work, or seek only the pleasures of riches and fame. Rather, it has been the risk-takers, the doers, the makers of things -- some celebrated, but more often men and women obscure in their labor -- who have carried us up the long, rugged path toward prosperity and freedom.

For us, they packed up their few worldly possessions and traveled across oceans in search of a new life.

For us, they toiled in sweatshops and settled the West; endured the lash of the whip and plowed the hard earth.

For us, they fought and died, in places like Concord and Gettysburg; Normandy and Khe Sahn.

Time and again, these men and women struggled and sacrificed and worked till their hands were raw so that we might live a better life. They saw America as bigger than the sum of our individual ambitions; greater than all the differences of birth or wealth or faction.

This is the journey we continue today. We remain the most prosperous, powerful nation on Earth. Our workers are no less productive than when this crisis began. Our minds are no less inventive, our goods and services no less needed than they were last week or last month or last year. Our capacity remains undiminished. But our time of standing pat, of protecting narrow interests and putting off unpleasant decisions -- that time has surely passed. Starting today, we must pick ourselves up, dust ourselves off, and begin again the work of remaking America.

For everywhere we look, there is work to be done. The state of the economy calls for action, bold and swift, and we will act -- not only to create new jobs, but to lay a new foundation for growth. We will build the roads and bridges, the electric grids and digital lines that feed our commerce and bind us together. We will restore science to its rightful place, and wield technology's wonders to raise health care's quality and lower its cost. We will harness the sun and the winds and the soil to fuel our cars and run our factories. And we will transform our schools and colleges and universities to meet the demands of a new age. All this we can do. And all this we will do.

Now, there are some who question the scale of our ambitions -- who suggest that our system cannot tolerate too many big plans. Their memories are short. For they have forgotten what this country has already done; what free men and women can achieve when imagination is joined to common purpose, and necessity to courage.

What the cynics fail to understand is that the ground has shifted beneath them -- that the stale political arguments that have consumed us for so long no longer apply. The question we ask today is not whether our government is too big or too small, but whether it works -- whether it helps families find jobs at a decent wage, care they can afford, a retirement that is dignified. Where the answer is yes, we intend to move forward. Where the answer is no, programs will end. And those of us who manage the public's dollars will be held to account -- to spend wisely, reform bad habits, and do our business in the light of day -- because only then can we restore the vital trust between a people and their government.

Nor is the question before us whether the market is a force for good or ill. Its power to generate wealth and expand freedom is unmatched, but this crisis has reminded us that without a watchful eye, the market can spin out of control -- and that a nation cannot prosper long when it favors only the prosperous. The success of our economy has always depended not just on the size of our gross domestic product, but on the reach of our prosperity; on our ability to extend opportunity to every willing heart -- not out of charity, but because it is the surest route to our common good.

As for our common defense, we reject as false the choice between our safety and our ideals. Our Founding Fathers, faced with perils we can scarcely imagine, drafted a charter to assure the rule of law and the rights of man, a charter expanded by the blood of generations. Those ideals still light the world, and we will not give them up for expedience's sake. And so to all other peoples and governments who are watching today, from the grandest capitals to the small village where my father was born: Know that America is a friend of each nation and every man, woman and child who seeks a future of peace and dignity, and that we are ready to lead once more.

Recall that earlier generations faced down fascism and communism not just with missiles and tanks, but with sturdy alliances and enduring convictions. They understood that our power alone cannot protect us, nor does it entitle us to do as we please. Instead, they knew that our power grows through its prudent use; our security emanates from the justness of our cause, the force of our example, the tempering qualities of humility and restraint.

We are the keepers of this legacy. Guided by these principles once more, we can meet those new threats that demand even greater effort -- even greater cooperation and understanding between nations. We will begin to responsibly leave Iraq to its people, and forge a hard-earned peace in Afghanistan. With old friends and former foes, we will work tirelessly to lessen the nuclear threat, and roll back the specter of a warming planet. We will not apologize for our way of life, nor will we waver in its defense, and for those who seek to advance their aims by inducing terror and slaughtering innocents, we say to you now that our spirit is stronger and cannot be broken; you cannot outlast us, and we will defeat you.

For we know that our patchwork heritage is a strength, not a weakness. We are a nation of Christians and Muslims, Jews and Hindus -- and nonbelievers. We are shaped by every language and culture, drawn from every end of this Earth; and because we have tasted the bitter swill of civil war and segregation, and emerged from that dark chapter stronger and more united, we cannot help but believe that the old hatreds shall someday pass; that the lines of tribe shall soon dissolve; that as the world grows smaller, our common humanity shall reveal itself; and that America must play its role in ushering in a new era of peace.

To the Muslim world, we seek a new way forward, based on mutual interest and mutual respect. To those leaders around the globe who seek to sow conflict, or blame their society's ills on the West: Know that your people will judge you on what you can build, not what you destroy. To those who cling to power through corruption and deceit and the silencing of dissent, know that you are on the wrong side of history; but that we will extend a hand if you are willing to unclench your fist.

To the people of poor nations, we pledge to work alongside you to make your farms flourish and let clean waters flow; to nourish starved bodies and feed hungry minds. And to those nations like ours that enjoy relative plenty, we say we can no longer afford indifference to suffering outside our borders; nor can we consume the world's resources without regard to effect. For the world has changed, and we must change with it.

As we consider the road that unfolds before us, we remember with humble gratitude those brave Americans who, at this very hour, patrol far-off deserts and distant mountains. They have something to tell us today, just as the fallen heroes who lie in Arlington whisper through the ages. We honor them not only because they are guardians of our liberty, but because they embody the spirit of service; a willingness to find meaning in something greater than themselves. And yet, at this moment -- a moment that will define a generation -- it is precisely this spirit that must inhabit us all.

For as much as government can do and must do, it is ultimately the faith and determination of the American people upon which this nation relies. It is the kindness to take in a stranger when the levees break, the selflessness of workers who would rather cut their hours than see a friend lose their job which sees us through our darkest hours. It is the firefighter's courage to storm a stairway filled with smoke, but also a parent's willingness to nurture a child, that finally decides our fate.

Our challenges may be new. The instruments with which we meet them may be new. But those values upon which our success depends -- hard work and honesty, courage and fair play, tolerance and curiosity, loyalty and patriotism -- these things are old. These things are true. They have been the quiet force of progress throughout our history. What is demanded then is a return to these truths. What is required of us now is a new era of responsibility -- a recognition, on the part of every American, that we have duties to ourselves, our nation and the world; duties that we do not grudgingly accept but rather seize gladly, firm in the knowledge that there is nothing so satisfying to the spirit, so defining of our character, than giving our all to a difficult task.

This is the price and the promise of citizenship.

This is the source of our confidence -- the knowledge that God calls on us to shape an uncertain destiny.

This is the meaning of our liberty and our creed -- why men and women and children of every race and every faith can join in celebration across this magnificent Mall, and why a man whose father less than 60 years ago might not have been served at a local restaurant can now stand before you to take a most sacred oath.

So let us mark this day with remembrance, of who we are and how far we have traveled. In the year of America's birth, in the coldest of months, a small band of patriots huddled by dying campfires on the shores of an icy river. The capital was abandoned. The enemy was advancing. The snow was stained with blood. At a moment when the outcome of our revolution was most in doubt, the father of our nation ordered these words be read to the people:

"Let it be told to the future world ... that in the depth of winter, when nothing but hope and virtue could survive... that the city and the country, alarmed at one common danger, came forth to meet [it]."

America. In the face of our common dangers, in this winter of our hardship, let us remember these timeless words. With hope and virtue, let us brave once more the icy currents, and endure what storms may come. Let it be said by our children's children that when we were tested, we refused to let this journey end, that we did not turn back, nor did we falter; and with eyes fixed on the horizon and God's grace upon us, we carried forth that great gift of freedom and delivered it safely to future generations.

Thank you. God bless you. God bless the United States of America.

your bread and butter

Your bread and butter is job or activity that provides you with the money you need to live.

Teaching at the local college is his bread and butter

Our customers are our bread and butter, so treat them with respect

Gardening is my bread and butter at the moment

take it with a grain of salt

You say "I take it with a grain of salt" when you don't completely believe something. When you take something skeptically, with reservations.

I've read the article, which I take with a grain of salt.

I always take Sandy's stories about illnesses with a grain of salt--she tends to exaggerate.

You have to take everything she says with a grain of salt, she usually exaggerates.

This expression means "to accept something but to not completely believe it". It originates from the idea that adding salt to food helps to swallow it more easily. In the 17th century this concept was applied in a figurative sense, meaning that adding a grain of salt makes it easier to accept what someone says.

"due to" or "because of"?

Because of and due to are used to explain a reason. They're followed by a noun or noun phrase.

Schools were closed because of heavy snowfall.
The flight was delayed because of bad weather.
All planes are grounded due to fog.
The delay was due to heavy traffic.
The concert was cancelled due to rain.

Due to or Because of?

Due to modifies nouns. It's used after verb to be (is, are, was, were, etc.)

Jan's success is due to talent and work (due to modifies 'success')

Because of modifies verbs.

Ted resigned because of poor health (because of modifies 'resigned')

My loss of appetite was due to a stomachache (due to modifies 'loss of appetite')
I lost my appetite because of a stomachache (because of modifies the verb 'lost')

Solano heading home to Peru to finish career

Nolberto Solano is returning home to Peru to finish his playing career with Universitario.
The 34-year-old former Aston Villa, Newcastle and West Ham winger is leaving Greek club Larissa to link up with new Universitario boss Juan Reynoso.
''My signing happens thanks to the friendship I have with Juan Reynoso and the seriousness of Universitario officials,'' Solano told El Bocon newspaper.
''I like ambitious, serious projects and Universitario are heading that way. I am also excited about playing in the Copa Libertadores this year and because I know Juan (Reynoso) very well and I know he will be good for the club.''
Solano, who spent three seasons with Universitario's arch-rivals Sporting Cristal from 1994 to 1997, has signed a two-year contract that he expects will take him to the end of his playing career.
''My idea is to play two years for Universitario, win the local league and do a good job in the Copa Libertadores,'' he said. ''Then, I will probably retire by playing at the Estadio Monumental (Universitario's home stadium).
''Then I will study to be a coach, probably in Argentina.''

Solano, 34, has spent most of his career in the English Premier League, where he had two periods with Newcastle United and also played for Aston Villa and West Ham United.

From ESPNsoccernet.

He's not going to make it

Larry J. Pitman from www.livinginperu.com

The other day I was talking to our veterinarian. She mentioned that her sister is married to an American, and that they had moved to Lima a year ago. She shook her head sadly and said: “I predict that they will soon go back to the U.S. The husband is not going to make it here.” After hearing this, the first thing I said was, “Is it the language?” She nodded in agreement. Although the husband had started a one month course in Spanish, he soon became frustrated and abandoned his studies. Now he is isolated and completely dependent on his wife. Every day he is more depressed.
I can understand how he feels. This situation illustrates the importance of learning Spanish for a successful stay in a country like Peru. When we decided to move to Peru almost four years ago, I set several goals for myself: to learn Spanish as well as I could and to learn as much as possible about Peru through reading and talking to people. I had a head start in Spanish because some forty years ago I lived in Bolivia as a Peace Corps Volunteer and had to use Spanish there on a daily basis. Nevertheless, I was surprised at how rusty I was. I quickly became aware that my ability in Spanish was far below what I had expected. For example, whenever my wife’s family got together, I was silent. Sometimes I could understand the conversation and begin to formulate a comment, but by the time I figured out the correct verb tense, they were on to another topic. So I remained out of it. I was mute, but with so many things that I wanted to say. Of course, I felt like a dummy. The telephone held a particular terror for me. Anything beyond a basic conversation led me to hand the phone to my wife and ask her to do the talking. After a year of this, she handed the phone back to me and told me that it was time that I did my own business on the telephone. It was the best thing she could have done. Although it was difficult for me, slowly I began to understand what was being said. In turn I realized that they now understood me.

Now I am much more confident and make my own telephone calls. It helped to take a six week refresher course at a Spanish language program here in Lima. That gave me a review of grammar that I needed. What helped even more was the realization that the only way to really learn the language is to use it. In addition, I realized that even if I made mistakes, no one was going to laugh at me. So I resolved to use the language as much as possible. Therefore, aside from using the telephone, I read the newspaper in Spanish every day, I listen to the news broadcasts every day and I look for all sorts of opportunities to talk with people. For example, I have a group of friends who speak only Spanish, and we go out to have a beer every once in a while. This really helps. I know that I will never speak Spanish like a native. And that is ok. More important is that I communicate and understand. It is a big effort but, I believe, it’s the key to making it in Peru.

October 20, 2008

Larry J. Pitman is a Californian living in Peru for the past four years. He is a professor at the Universidad del Pacifico in Lima.

Note from the blogger: red printing shows past perfect sentences.

fussy

fussy.mp3

Hard to satisfy. Very particular about details. You're fussy when you have very high standards about particular things.

Some people are fussy about their coffee.

All my children were fussy eaters.

He's so fussy about the house - everything has to be absolutely perfect.

A: "I haven't met a man I like for ages!"
B: "You're too fussy - that's your problem!"